High School Social Studies Maryland Standards

The United States role in the international community

Foreign Policy Goals and Tools

Foreign Policy

Public Policy

Regional Domestic Policy

Citizens and Public Policy

Domestic Policy

Monetary Policy

Fiscal Policy

Economic Goals and Indicators

Economic Systems

Economic Policy

Criminal and Civil Law

Landmark Decisions and Historical Impact of the Court on American Government

Structure and Powers of the Judiciary

The Judicial Branch

Regulatory Policy

Powers of the Executive Branch

Elections

Structure and Organization of the Executive Branch

The Executive Branch

Lawmaking

Powers of Congress

Elections

Structure and Organization of Legislative Branch

The Legislative Branch

Origins and Founding Principles

Types of Government

Structure and Origins of Government

Explain roles and analyze strategies individuals or groups may use to initiate change in governmental policy and institutions by:

Analyzing how candidates, campaigns, political parties, the media lobbyists and financial contributions and citizens, influence the political process, policy, and public opinion.

Evaluating the tools that individuals or groups may use to influence laws, government policies, and elections including referendum, acts of civil disobedience, voting, boycotts, financial contributions, digital communication, and voting drives.

Identifying the voting patterns of various demographic groups and their impact on governmental policy.

Analyze the roles and relationships of regions on the formation and implementation of government policy by:

Explaining how geographic characteristics and shared interests stimulate regional cooperation between governments and influence foreign policy and effect political decision-making.

Analyzing the importance of regional characteristics and interests including economic development, natural resources, climate and environmental issues, and population shifts in formulating local, state, and national government policy.

Analyzing patterns, trends, and projections of population and how these may affect environmental policy, education spending, health care, and social security.

Evaluate roles and policies the government has assumed regarding public issues by:

Describing how limited government impacts the development and implementation of government policies for entitlements, including social security, housing, and nutritional assistance.

Evaluating how the rights and responsibilities of citizens impact government policies regarding Public Health, including immunization, Medicare and Medicaid, and food safety.

Analyzing how federalism impacts government policies for Education, including Elementary and Secondary Education Act and school choice.

Describing the impact of the rights and responsibilities of citizens on crime and punishment and incarceration.

Analyzing the impact of limited government on government policies for Technology, including cybersecurity, censorship, and energy.

Evaluate the role of government in addressing land use and other environmental issues by:

Evaluating the way national, state, and local governments develop policy to address land use and environmental issues, such as pollution, urban sprawl, property rights and land use/ zoning.

Analyze policies designed to protect the rights of individuals and groups and to promote equity in American society by:

Evaluating the effectiveness of governmental policies (legislation and executive orders) in promoting equity and civil rights for minorities, women and the disabled.

Examining the impact of equal protection on immigration and affirmative action policies.

The student will evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of the [Executive Branch] of government by:

Describing the structure, power, and organization of the executive branch on the federal, state, and local levels.

Explaining how executive departments and regulatory agencies assist in protecting rights, maintaining order and protecting the safety of citizens.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of the [Executive Branch] of government by:

Determining how the nominating process, closed and open primaries, and general elections reflect the principles of representative democracy, consent of the governed, and majority rule.

Evaluating the utility of the Electoral College over time.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of the [Executive Branch] of government by:

Comparing and contrasting the powers, roles, and responsibilities of local, state and national executives.

Evaluate the impact of governmental decisions and actions that have affected the rights of individuals and groups in American society and/or have affected maintaining order and/or safety by:

Describing the purpose, limitations and impact of executive orders in protecting rights, maintaining order, and providing safety for citizens.

Analyzing the impact of crisis on expansion of state and federal government power.

Evaluating the role of the state and federal governments concerning issues related to public safety and maintaining order and how those decisions affect individuals and groups.

Examine regulatory agencies and their social, economic, and political impact on the country, a region, or on/within a state by:

Describing the role of regulatory agencies in carrying out the policies of the executive branch on the national and state level.

Describing the purpose, roles, and responsibilities of regulatory agencies: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Federal Trade Commission (FTC), Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

Examining how regulatory agencies respond to social issues/concerns and/or market failures.

Evaluate how governments affect the answers to the basic economic questions of what to produce, how to produce, and for whom to produce by:

Explaining how traditional, command and market and mixed economies answer the basic economic questions of what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce when resources are limited.

Determining how scarcity and opportunity cost affect government decision-making.

Evaluating the role of the United States government in answering the basic economic questions.

Utilize the principles of economic costs and benefits and opportunity cost to analyze the effectiveness of government policy in achieving socio- economic goals by:

Explaining how the Consumer Price Index (CPI), the unemployment rate, and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) measure economic performance.

Explaining how the business cycle reflects economic instability, including periods of inflation and recession.

Explaining how governments prioritize the competing socio-economic goals of freedom, growth, stability, equity, national defense, environmental protection, and educational quality in response to changing economic, social, and political conditions.

Evaluating how the principles of economic costs, benefits, and opportunity cost affect public policy issues, such as environmental and healthcare concerns, defense and education policy.

Evaluate the effectiveness of current monetary and fiscal policy on promoting full employment, price stability, and economic performance by:

Describing the role of the state and federal legislative branches in developing fiscal policy.

Analyzing the role of the executive in the budgetary process on the national, state and local level.

Describing how the legislative branch influences economic performance by using the tools of fiscal policy including increasing and decreasing taxes and tariffs and/or spending.

Evaluating the effectiveness of fiscal policy in achieving economic growth, full employment, and price stability.

Evaluate the effectiveness of current monetary and fiscal policy on promoting full employment, price stability, and economic performance by:

Describing how the Federal Reserve System uses the three tools of monetary policy, including open market operations, changes in the discount rate, and changes in the reserve requirements to influence the economy.

Evaluating the effectiveness of monetary policy in achieving economic growth, full employment, and price stability.

Analyze economic, political, and social issues and their effect on foreign policies of the United States by:

Analyzing the conflicting demands of the United States foreign policy goals of trade, national security, and human rights.

Contrasting isolationism versus interventionism in United States foreign policy.

Explaining the tools used by the president to develop and implement foreign policy.

Examining how the foreign policy tools of military intervention, economic sanctions, foreign aid, and diplomacy affect American relationships with other countries.

Evaluate the effectiveness of international alliances and organizations from the perspective of the United States by:

Explaining the military and security functions of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the United Nations (UN).

Explaining the humanitarian role of the Red Cross/Red Crescent and the United Nations.

Explaining the economic function of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), the United Nations (UN), and the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Analyze how the United States involvement in international organizations advances or hinders the achievement of foreign policy goals.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of the [Judicial Branch] of Government by:

Describing the structure, power, and organization of the judicial branch on the federal, state, and local levels.

Analyze the impact of landmark Supreme Court decisions on governmental powers, rights, and responsibilities of citizens in our changing society by:

Analyzing how the Supreme Court decisions in Miranda v. Arizona (1966), Tinker v. Des Moines (1969), and T. L.O. v New Jersey (1985) impacted individual liberty.

Analyzing how the Supreme Court decisions in McDonald v. Chicago (2010) impacted federalism.

Analyzing how the Supreme Court's decision in the case of United States v. Nixon (1974) impacted the separation of powers.

Analyzing how the Supreme Court's decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803) impacted limited government and checks and balances.

Analyzing how the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954) and Baker v. Carr (1962) impacted equal protection.

Evaluate the principle of due process by:

Explaining how the Supreme Court used the due process and equal protections clauses of the 14th Amendment to incorporate protection of individual rights and extend federal power.

Analyze elements, proceedings, and decisions related to criminal and civil law by:

Describing the role of the courts in settling disputes between individuals.

Analyzing the effectiveness of out- of-court settlements, arbitration, and mediation as alternatives to litigation.

Identifying the elements of civil law including: plaintiff, defendant, contract, breach of contract, torts, damages, preponderance of evidence, and petit jury.

Identifying the elements of criminal law including: defendant, prosecutor, reasonable doubt, felony, misdemeanor, grand jury, indictment, probable cause, presumption of innocence, plea bargaining, writ of habeas corpus, and subpoena.

Comparing the proceedings of civil and criminal cases including: grand jury, petit jury, indictment, standards of proof (beyond a reasonable doubt and preponderance of the evidence), plea bargaining, probable cause, writ of habeas corpus, and subpoena.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of the [Legislative Branch] of government by:

Describing the bicameral structure, powers, and organization of the United States Congress and the Maryland General Assembly.

Comparing and contrasting the powers and responsibilities of local, state, and national legislative bodies.

Explain roles and analyze strategies individuals or groups may use to initiate change in governmental policy and institutions by:

Explaining tools used by political parties, interest groups, lobbyists, candidates, the media and citizens to impact elections, public policy, and public opinion.

Evaluating the effectiveness of tools used to impact elections, public policy, and public opinion.

Analyzing various methods that individuals or groups may use to influence laws, government policies, and elections including referendum, acts of civil disobedience, voting, boycotts, financial contributions, digital communication, and voting drives.

Evaluating how the election process, including open and closed primaries, affects political outcomes, individual voter behavior, and public opinion.

Analyzing how candidates, campaigns, political parties, and financial contributions influence the political process, policy, and public opinion.

Evaluating how the roles and strategies that individuals and groups use to influence government policy and institutions affect the concepts of government.

Evaluate demographic factors related to political participation, public policy, and government policies by:

Determining the impact of reapportionment, redistricting, and gerrymandering on government policies, fiscal decisions, and representation.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of government by:

Describing the structure, powers, and organization of the legislative branch on the federal, state, and local level.

Describing how the Constitution provides for separation of powers and checks and balances.

Evaluating the Elastic Clause and how implied powers impact the function of government.

Determining why Bills of Attainder, ex post facto laws, and the suspension of Habeas Corpus are denied powers.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of the [Legislative Branch] of government by:

Describing how laws are made and the tools that assist and/or impede the process.

Analyze advantages and disadvantages of various types of governments throughout the world by:

Comparing and describing the advantages and disadvantages of direct, representative, presidential, and parliamentary democracies.

Evaluating the advantages and disadvantages of democratic and authoritarian political systems.

Comparing authoritarian and democratic governments on distribution of power, efficiency of decision making, maintaining public order, protecting individual rights, and the ability to address a crisis.

Analyze historic documents to determine the basic principles of United States government and apply them to real world situations by:

Tracing the evolution of limited government and other principles from English common law through the Enlightenment philosophers to the foundations of American government.

Explaining representative democracy, popular sovereignty, and consent of the governed, and demonstrate how these concepts have ensured citizens' power over time.

Describing how the Declaration of Independence articulates the philosophy of government founded on basic principles.

Analyzing how the Constitution reflects the basic principles and eliminated the weaknesses of the Articles of the Confederation.

Analyzing how the principles of government are applied to real world situations.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of government by:

Describing how the Constitution structures the government and provides for separation of powers, checks and balances, and judicial review, in such a way as to limit governmental power in favor of the people.

Explaining how the delegated, reserved, concurrent, and denied powers of government are divided in federalism and shared between national and state levels.

Describing the formal process for amending the Constitution and why this process is necessary.

Evaluate how the principles of government assist or impede the functioning of government by:

Evaluating the balance between majority rule and the protection of individual rights.

Identifying the rights in the Bill of Rights and how they protect individuals and limit the power of government.

Analyzing the purpose of limited government and its impact on the structure, function, and processes of government.

Analyzing how principles are incorporated into the historic documents of American government and how those principles have been applied.

Analyzing how the principles of government are applied to real world situations.

Skills and Processes

History

Economics

Geography

Peoples of the Nations and World

Civics

Inquire about the historical development of the fundamental concepts and processes of authority, power, and influence with particular emphasis on civic reasoning in order to become informed, responsible citizens, engage in the political process, and contribute to society.

Inquire about the people of the United States and the world using a historically grounded, multidisciplinary approach in order to recognize multiple narratives and acknowledge the diversity and commonality of the human experience.

Inquire about the role of culture, technology, and the environment in the location, distribution, and impact of human activities using geographic tools and spatial thinking in order to demonstrate a significance of place.

Inquire about decisions made by individuals and groups using economic reasoning in order to understand the historical development and current status of economic principles, institutions, and processes needed to be effective citizens, consumers, and workers participating in local communities, the nation, and the world.

Inquire about significant events, ideas, beliefs, and themes to identify patterns and trends and to analyze how individuals and societies have changed over time to make connections to the present in their communities, Maryland, the United States, and the world.

Inquire about civics, geography, economics, history, and people and nations of the world using disciplinary literacy skills and processes to critically evaluate content through a variety of source materials across disciplines and use reading, writing, and other forms of communication to develop, defend, and critique arguments in order to take informed action.

Growth of Democracy and Human Rights

Global Economic Interdependence

Globalization (1970-Present)

The Cold War

World War II

The Interwar Period

World War One

Crisis and Global Acceleration (1890-1994)

Rise of Nationalism

Imperialism

Industrialization and its impacts

Democratic Revolutions

Revolutions and their Consequences (1750-1890)

Exploration Colonization and Global Interaction

Collapse and Renewal of Regional Empires

Overview

Modern World History

Inquire about the historical development of the fundamental concepts and processes of authority, power, and influence with particular emphasis on civic reasoning in order to become informed, responsible citizens, engage in the political process, and contribute to society.

Students will evaluate the regional reactions to the collapse of the interregional stability by:

Analyzing the interregional impacts of the bubonic plague and the collapse of the Mongol Empire.

Summarizing the achievements of the Ottoman Empire.

Explaining the causes and effects of Islamic expansion and Eurasian trade routes on political and cultural life in West African Kingdoms.

Examining the factors that led to the rise and collapse of Ming China.

Assessing the causes and effects of the Mughal Empire on India.

Evaluating the impact of technology, the Renaissance, and the Reformation on the stability of Western Europe

Students will analyze the regional origins and global consequences of overseas expansion in the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries by:

Explaining the causes and consequences of European (Portuguese, Dutch, Spanish, English and French) exploration and colonization of the Americas

Assessing the ways in which the Columbian Exchange and the trans‐Atlantic African slave trade affected Europe, Asia, Africa, and the indigenous peoples of the Americas.

Explaining how plantation production of sugar and tobacco and the mining of silver in the Americas impacted the economies of Europe, South America, and East Asia and global labor systems

Inquire about the people of the United States and the world using a historically grounded, multidisciplinary approach in order to recognize multiple narratives and acknowledge the diversity and commonality of the human experience.

Students will analyze how the interregional spread of political ideas such as self-government and liberty in Europe and America served as a catalyst for global changes by:

Explaining how the English Civil War and the Revolution of 1688 affected government, religion, economy, and society in Britain as well as the American colonies.

Comparing the causes, character, and consequences of the American and French Revolutions.

Evaluating the impact of the end of the trans-Atlantic trade of enslaved persons on Africa, the Americas, and Europe.

Students will assess the global impact of democracy on the regional creation of nation-states in the Americas by:

Analyzing how democratic ideals led to revolutions in Haiti, Mexico, and throughout South America.

Assessing the successes and failures of democracy in Latin American countries following independence.

Students will analyze the regional causes and interregional growth of Industrialization by:

Analyzing how scientific and technological advancements in communication, transportation, and agriculture led to the early Industrial Revolution in England.

Examining how the factory system and capitalism changed economic relationships.

Comparing the internal and external geographic, economic, technological, energy and political factors that resulted in industrialization in Western European countries and the United States with those of Russia and Japan.

Students will identify the immediate and long term regional, interregional, and global effects of Industrialization by:

Analyzing the impacts of Socialist and Marxist beliefs and programs on politics, industry, and labor relations in late 19th century Europe.

Explaining how industrialization led to demographic changes, migration, urbanization, disease, pollution, women's suffrage, and the emergence of new social classes.

Analyzing the causes of the economic gap between industrialized and non-industrialized countries and regions by comparing the positions of Britain, China, the African continent, and India at the end of the 19th Century.

Students will analyze how and why regional industrialized nations were able to create global imperial empires by:

Explaining how the need for raw materials, new markets, and cheap labor led to imperialism in Africa and Asia.

Analyzing how Social Darwinism and scientific racism were used to justify western imperialism throughout the non‐western world.

Examining how warfare, technology, and/or diplomacy were employed by industrialized nations to establish and strengthen control over colonial possessions.

Examining the influence of European ideology, culture, and religious norms on the creation of new political relationships, national identities, and social systems on the peoples of Africa, India, and China.

Explaining the impact of the Berlin Conference on the political geography of Africa

Students will analyze the origin and effectiveness of regional resistance movements in India, Africa, and Asia by:

Assessing the social, economic, and intellectual origins and significant events that led to the development of Indian Nationalism.

Comparing the methods and effectiveness of military, political, and religious resistance movements in German Southwest Africa/Tanganyika, Samori Ture in French West Africa/Guinea, Asante in Gold Coast/Ghana, and Menelik II in Ethiopia.

Examining the creation of, and relationships among, those within the South African caste system.

Analyzing how and why Qing/Manchu China resisted industrialization and trade with Europe and the effectiveness of the Taiping Uprising and the Boxer Rebellion in resisting economic imperialism.

Students will compare how regional powers attempted to meet the challenges of modernization and interregional territorial expansion by:

Assessing the causes and impacts of the Tanzimat Reformers on the Ottoman Empire.

Analyzing the internal and external factors impacting Russian modernization and growth as an imperial power.

Evaluating the how rapid economic growth and policies of the Meiji state influenced Japanese imperial and colonial expansion

Students will analyze the regional causes and interregional and global impacts of nationalism during the 18th and 19th centuries by:

Evaluating the impact of nationalism on the development of Western (Germany, Italy) and non-Western (China, India, Egypt, Mexico, or Argentina) nations.

Analyzing how nationalism was a source of tension and conflict in places such as the Ottoman Empire

Inquire about the role of culture, technology, and the environment in the location, distribution, and impact of human activities using geographic tools and spatial thinking in order to demonstrate a significance of place.

Students will analyze how regional tensions and interregional competition led to World War One by:

Evaluating how growing tensions among rival European states and empires, compounded by nationalism, militarism, imperial competition, and alliance systems led to the outbreak of war.

Students will describe the global scope and human costs of World War One by:

Assessing the effectiveness of the major strategies and turning points of the war.

Analyzing how scientific and technological inventions impacted civilian populations and military personnel.

Analyzing the effect of media to promote ideologies through propaganda on the war.

Evaluating the contributions to, and impact of World War I on, colonial peoples in South Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Evaluating the experience of the Armenian people within the Ottoman Empire.

Assessing the global effects of the influenza pandemic.

Explaining the domestic and international causes of the Russian Revolutions and its impact on World War One.

Students will assess the regional, interregional, and global consequences of World War One by:

Assessing the effectiveness of the Treaty of Versailles, the League of Nations, and reparations on the balance of power in and geography of Europe

Explaining how the collapse of the German, Austrian, Russian, and Ottoman empires led to the eventual creation of new states in Europe and the Middle East.

Explaining how the mandate system altered patterns of European colonial rule in Africa and the Middle East and led to the rise of pan-Arabism and pan-Africanism and other nationalist struggles for independence.

Assessing the impact of World War One on the women's suffrage movement worldwide

Students will describe the global causes and consequences of the Great Depression by:

Analyzing the political and economic causes of the Depression.

Comparing the impact of the Depression on the economies and societies in different countries, including its impact on colonial peoples of Africa and Asia.

Evaluating the global growth of nationalist and independence movements in Africa, Asia, Middle East, and Latin America including Sub-Saharan Africa, Indian Nationalism and independence, Pan Arabism/Arab Nationalism, and Mexican Indigenous movements

Students will analyze how regional tensions and interregional competition led to World War Two by:

Explaining the rise of authoritarian leaders and how they utilized technology and propaganda to seize power in Italy, Germany, Spain, the Soviet Union, and Japan.

Examining how the quest for territory and Western appeasement led to the expansion of German, Italian, and Japanese power.

Students will analyze the global scope and human costs of World War Two by:

Assessing the effectiveness of the political leadership, major strategies, and turning points of the war.

Comparing how scientific and technological innovations impacted civilians on the home front and military personnel on the battlefield in Great Britain, Europe, the Soviet Union, and Japan.

Analyzing the contributions to and impact of World War Two on colonial peoples in South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and the Caribbean.

Analyzing the systematic and state-sponsored atrocities perpetrated by governments in Europe and Asia during World War Two.

Evaluating the cause, course, and consequences of the Holocaust.

Students will assess the regional, interregional and global consequences of World War Two by:

Identifying how global networks were accelerated by the creation of the United Nations (UN), International Monetary Fund (IMF), and World Bank..

Assessing the impact of World War Two on the formation of new states such as Israel, and the continued development of national identities in India, China, and the Pan African movement

Students will analyze the regional and interregional causes of the Cold War by:

Analyzing the political, economic, and ideological factors that led to the Cold War.

Describing the reactions of the Soviet Union to the tools of the Western policy of Containment.

Analyzing the causes, leadership, events, and consequences of the Chinese Communist Revolution.

Students will examine the regional causes of post-World War II independence movements by:

Analyzing how Mohandas Gandhi in India, Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam, Jomo Kenyatta in Kenya, Kwame Nkrumah in Ghana, and Ahmed been Bella in Algeria achieved colonial independence.

Students will compare the regional and interregional conflicts that accelerated the Cold War by:

Explaining how Soviet and American relations influenced indirect conflicts in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

Comparing resistance movements in Eastern Europe, Taiwan, India, and Pakistan.

Analyzing how the Great Leap Forward, the Cultural Revolution, and Tiananmen Square impacted the course of Chinese domestic and foreign policy.

Students will analyze the regional and interregional factors that contributed to the end of the Cold War by:

Examining how the internal policies of Mikhail Gorbachev, leadership, revolt, and economic decline in Eastern Europe, and political and economic pressure from Western powers contributed to the decline of the Soviet Union

Iinquire about decisions made by individuals and groups using economic reasoning in order to understand the historical development and current status of economic principles, institutions, and processes needed to be effective citizens, consumers, and workers participating in local communities, the nation, and the world.

Students will evaluate the regional and interregional forces that facilitated the growth of a globally interconnected world by:

Explaining how the end of the Cold War and the post-Mao liberalization of the Chinese economy removed barriers to globalization.

Analyzing the relationship between globalization and the growth of multinational corporations.

Evaluating the impact of the European Union (EU), North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), the World Trade Organization (WTO), the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Bank on trade and regional development, and global economic interdependence.

Assessing the impact of digital communication and industrial technologies (outsourcing, containerization, global banking, and automation) on regional and global labor markets

Students will analyze the relationship between globalization, human migration, and the environment by:

Comparing how globalization contributed to urbanization, population changes, and regional migration in the developing and the developed world.

Analyzing how globalization challenged and reinforced local traditions regarding class, race, and gender roles.

Evaluating how new communications technologies globalized popular and consumer culture.

Analyzing the impact of population density and global travel on the spread of, and responses to, diseases.

Comparing regional, interregional, and global efforts to address resource scarcity, access to clean water, deforestation, global warming, and sustainable sources of energy

Students will trace the development of democracy and human rights throughout the world by:

Analyzing how people have sought to gain access to democracy and human rights in Argentina, Guatemala, and Nicaragua.

Describing the factors that led to the end of Apartheid.

Examining the political, social, and economic factors that promoted and impeded the development of democracy in Egypt, Iraq, and Iran.

Evaluate the impact of self-rule in post-Colonial Africa.

Students will examine the global responses to address regional conflicts during the second half of the 20th century and the first decade of the 21st century by:

Comparing and contrasting the causes and consequences of genocides and ethnic cleansings in South East Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

Examining the role of the World Court, the United Nations and Non-Governmental Organizations (Red Cross, Doctors without Borders, UNICEF) in responding to conflicts in Africa, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Asia.

Students will assess the impacts of non-state violence against civilian populations for political reasons and its impact on regional and global stability by:

Comparing the outcomes of non-state aligned violence as a tool for political change in Northern Ireland, Spain, Russia, the Middle East, and Peru

Examining the range of responses to non-state aligned violence in Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Middle East

Inquire about significant events, ideas, beliefs, and themes to identify patterns and trends and to analyze how individuals and societies have changed over time to make connections to the present in their communities, Maryland, the United States, and the world.

Inquire about civics, geography, economics, history, and people and nations of the world using disciplinary literacy skills and processes to critically evaluate content through a variety of source materials across disciplines and use reading, writing, and other forms of communication to develop, defend, and critique arguments in order to take informed action.

Globalization, Terrorism, and Political Polarization (1992—present)

Economic, Political, and Social Reorganization (1974-1992)

Affluence, Cold War, and Social Revolutions (1945-1974)

World War One, Prosperity and Depression, World War Two (1915-1945)

Progressivism and Imperialism (1890-1920)

United States History: Growth of Industrial and Urban America (1877-1890)

Analyze the factors that impacted the postwar economy by:

Exploring how the intensification of corporate farming, the GI Bill, consumer culture, and suburbanization contributed to postwar economic growth.

Analyzing how government-sponsored segregation in housing, redlining, and blockbusting contributed to unequal access to post-war prosperity.

Describing the impact of the Arms and Space Race, growth of the military industrial complex on postwar economic growth and the rise of the sunbelt.

Analyze the causes and consequences of the Cold War by:

Evaluating the political, economic, diplomatic, and ideological causes of US-Soviet conflicts.

Analyzing the role of alliances, military intervention, and covert action to implement containment in Europe, Asia, and Latin America.

Describing the causes, course, and consequences of the Korean War.

Examining the repercussions of the early Cold War on domestic politics.

Examining the effectiveness of the Interstate Highway Defense System and nuclear drills on preparedness for nuclear conflict.

Investigating the cause, course, and consequences of American relations with Communist Cuba.

Analyze how individuals and groups mobilized against inequalities in American society by:

Assessing the short term and long-term impacts of the decisions in Mendez v. Westminster (1947) and Brown v. Board of Education (1954) in expanding educational opportunities.

Evaluating the tools, methods, and leadership utilized by the African American Civil Rights Movement to challenge unequal access to economic opportunity, public accommodations, and political participation.

Evaluating the impact of federal legislation, Supreme Court decisions, Constitutional Amendments, and executive orders on addressing unequal access to economic opportunity, public accommodations, and political participation.

Analyzing the effectiveness of the tools, methods, and leadership of the Black Power Movement.

Investigating the impact of Great Society legislation on poverty, the expansion of the New Deal, and immigration.

Understanding the significance of the Supreme Court decisions in Engle v. Vitale (1962), Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), Loving v. Virginia (1967), and Roe v. Wade (1973).

Explaining the origins and consequences of the post-war movement for gender equality.

Assessing the success of the efforts of Latinx and American Indians to secure civil rights.

Examining the short- and long-term origins and impacts of the Gay Liberation Movement.

Examining the methods used by state and local governments to resist social justice reforms.

Analyze the United States' involvement in Vietnam from 1954 to 1973 by:

Analyzing the evolution, strategies, and turning points of the United States' involvement in Vietnam.

Evaluating the origins, arguments, methods, and impacts of the anti-war movement.

Examining the causes and consequences of the constitutional crisis that led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon.

Assessing the factors that contributed to American defeat in Vietnam.

Analyzing how Vietnam and Watergate reduced American faith in government and the military and led to significant political, constitutional, and legislative reforms.

Analyze the causes and consequences of industrialization in the late 19th century United States by:

Evaluating how improved use of resources, new technology and inventions, and transportation networks influenced the growth of industrialization and urbanization.

Describing the impact of business leaders, laissez-faire capitalism, and the use of trusts/monopolies on the American economy.

Evaluating the impact of industrialization and laissez-faire policies on labor.

Identifying responses to post-Civil War immigration.

Analyze the causes and consequences of westward expansion by:

Describing the impact of geography and technology on the settlement of the west.

Evaluating Native Americans' responses to western migration.

Evaluating the impact of government actions on patterns of immigration.

Describing the impact of geographic expansion of rights for African Americans, Chinese immigrants, and the political and legal rights of women.

Analyze the consequences of economic shifts by:

Describing the impact of stagflation, deficit spending, and the energy crisis on the American economy.

Assessing the causes and impacts of deindustrialization, urban decline, and migration to the Sunbelt.

Evaluating the origins and governmental responses to environmental issues.

Evaluating the factors that led to a decrease in public confidence and trust in government's ability to solve social and economic problems.

Evaluate the progress made toward equality by:

Analyzing how the post 1965 shifts in immigration patterns affected public policy.

Assessing the evolution of Supreme Court opinions on Affirmative Action policies in higher education, public school placement, and government hiring.

Understanding how Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971), and Milliken v. Bradley (1974) affected the implementation of school integration.

Evaluating the motivations and strategies leaders used to achieve the extension of rights to those with disabilities, and the impact of the 1968 Architectural Act, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and 1975 Education for All Handicapped Children Act.

Analyze how the United States prioritized key foreign policy goals during the Cold War by:  Assessing the role of covert action, military aid, and diplomacy in US-Latin American relations.

Explaining the influence of detente, arms reduction, espionage, and changing relations with China on Cold War tensions.

Analyzing how energy dependence, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and the Iranian Revolution impacted United States foreign policy.

Evaluating the causes and consequences of the American response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan.

Analyze how the rise of conservatism influenced domestic policy by:

Evaluating how tax revolts, opposition to abortion and feminism, and the influence of religious leaders contributed to the rise of the New Right.

Measuring the influence of supply side economic policy on the national economy, deficit spending, federalism, economic inequality, labor unions, and public perceptions of the role of government.

Analyzing the origins and impact of the "War on Drugs" on policing and mass incarceration.

Evaluating the short and long-term impacts of the passage of the American with Disabilities Act of 1990.

Evaluate how the end of the Cold War altered the course of American foreign policy by:

Evaluating the relationship among American intervention in El Salvador, Nicaragua, and Guatemala on the Iran-Contra Investigation.

Assessing how American diplomacy, treaties, and leadership contributed to the end of the Cold War.

Explaining the causes and consequences of the American response to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait.

Determining how the end of the Cold War changed the goals, frequency, and purpose of American foreign policy interventions.

Evaluate economic changes associated with globalization by:

Evaluating the impact of free trade agreements, deregulation of financial markets, and the computer revolution in the economic surge of the 1990s.

Assessing how income disparities, wage stagnation, outsourcing, robotic automation, and the rise of a service-based economy impact American workers.

Analyzing how advancements in communication technologies and the Internet transformed America's economy, social behavior, and political behavior.

Analyze how political polarization altered the debates over public policy by:

Assessing how the rise of alternative media, religious diversity, demographic changes, residential homogeneity, the increasing role of money in politics, and gerrymandering increased political polarization in the United States.

Examining American policy on global climate change.

Evaluating the progress of historically marginalized groups including women, African Americans, Muslim Americans, and immigrants.

Assessing the significant turning points and leaders in the fight for LGBTQ+ rights from the 1970s through the decision in Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) and beyond.

Examining the impact of the attack at Columbine High School and the decision in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008) on the ongoing debate over the 2nd Amendment.

Assessing the impact of the Supreme Court decisions on balancing the level of government intervention: abortion - Planned Parenthood v. Casey (1992), federalism - U.S. v. Lopez (1995), and political speech - Citizens United v. FEC (2010).

Evaluating the impact of increasing political polarization on the Welfare Reform Act of 1996, the impeachment and trial of President Bill Clinton, and the 2000 presidential election.

Tracing efforts to develop a comprehensive immigration policy from the administrations of President Reagan, President George W. Bush, President Obama, and President Trump.

Assessing the domestic and foreign policy effectiveness of the War on Drugs and its impact on debates over legalization, decriminalization, and prison reform.

Evaluate the political, social, and economic impacts of domestic and foreign terrorism on the United States by:

Identifying the motivations for, and assessing the federal response to, instances of domestic terrorism.

Tracing the origins, motivations, and instances of non-state aligned terrorism directed at the United States.

Evaluating how governmental reactions to attacks of September 11, 2001 challenged the balance between safety and freedom.

Evaluating the causes, course, and consequences of the War on Terror in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Critiquing how cyberwarfare has influenced American foreign policy, elections, and commerce.

Evaluate the effectiveness of the political, economic, and social reforms of the late 19th and early 20th centuries by:

Explaining the impact of labor unions and strikes on labor-management relations.

Assessing the effectiveness of the Populist Movement.

Evaluating the impact of Progressivism on regulation of trusts and the economy, political corruption, child labor, urbanization, and management of natural resources.

Describing the effectiveness of the NAACP's efforts to address African American inequality.

Evaluating the transformation of executive power to address domestic changes under the presidencies of Roosevelt and Wilson.

Evaluate the significance of the United States becoming an imperialist power by:

Evaluating the impact of racial, economic, political, and strategic motives for the United States becoming an imperialist power.

Analyzing the origins and the impacts of the Spanish American War.

Assessing the causes and consequences of American intervention/involvement in Latin America, Hawaii, the Philippines, China, and Japan.

Assess how World War One promoted continuity and change in American foreign and domestic policy by:

Analyzing the impact of German aggression on the high seas, the Zimmerman Note on American neutrality, and entry into World War One.

Evaluating the motivations and impacts of the restrictions on civil liberties during World War One.

Determining the impact of African American migration and government mobilization programs on American preparation for World War One.

Examining the impact of World War One on the passage of the 18th and 19th Amendments.

Assessing the influence of the American military on the outcome of World War One.

Examining how the arguments for and against the Treaty of Versailles reflected the continuous debate over the appropriate level of American involvement in foreign affairs.

Assessing the impact of post war demobilization on racial tension and the Red Scare.

Analyze shifting cultural norms associated with rapid economic growth by:

Explaining how economic policy supported innovations in science and industry and transformed production and consumption.

Evaluating the progress and setbacks of the changing social and economic role of women.

Assessing the impact of the Harlem Renaissance, the Great Migration, and Garveyism on the African American freedom movement.  Analyzing how communities of color and immigrants resisted discrimination and racist policies through the formation of the League of United Latin American Citizens, decisions in Ozawa v. U.S. (1922), Thind v. U.S.(1923), and passage of the 1924 Indian Citizenship Act.  Assessing how the Immigration Act of 1924, the Ku Klux Klan, Tulsa Race Riot, Alien Land Laws, and Eugenics perpetuated racism and discrimination against racial, ethnic, and religious minorities, those with disabilities, and LGBTQ+.

Evaluating the effectiveness of Prohibition.

Assessing the tension between fundamentalism and changing social values.

Evaluate the impact of the Great Depression on the nation by:

Understanding the causes of the crash of 1929 and the Great Depression.

Analyzing the impact of the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl on farmers, businesses, workers, Mexican immigrants, and other racial and ethnic minorities.

Measuring the effect of New Deal programs on the national economy, labor unions, federalism, laissez-faire economics, the development of the social safety net, and their uneven impact on racial and ethnic minorities.

Evaluating the short term and long-term legacy of the New Deal.

Assess the progression of the United States' involvement in world affairs by:

Examining how the rise of fascism and totalitarianism, as well as European and Japanese Imperialism, and appeasement led to World War Two.

Evaluating how the Neutrality Acts, the Lend-Lease Act, and the attack on Pearl Harbor impacted American neutrality.

Analyzing the origins of the Holocaust and the motives, pressures, and fears that shaped the American response.

Describing the strategies and turning points that shaped World War Two's outcomes and experiences.

Understanding the factors that influenced the decision to employ nuclear weapons against Japan.

Assessing the role of the United Nations, the International Monetary Fund, and World Bank in accelerating global integration and promoting peace and stability.

Evaluate domestic changes caused by World War Two by:

Determining the impact of accelerated African American migration, the Bracero Program, and government policies that facilitated mobilization in preparation for World War Two.

Evaluating Supreme Court and executive decisions to limit civil liberties and to relocate American citizens to internment camps.

Analyzing the social and economic consequences of the war on women, African Americans, Mexican Americans, Asian Americans, and Native Americans.