High School Health Maryland Standards

Environmental literacy

Organ donation

Sun and fads

Sleep

Disease Prevention

Disease

Food Access

Environmental literacy

Nutrition facts labels

Food Choices

Sugar sweetened beverages

Nutritious foods and beverages

Bystander intervention and compassion for victims

Abuse and assault

Consent

Discrimination and violence

Technology safety

Responding to emergencies

Sexually explicit media

Sexual health

Sexual health

Anatomy and physiology

Sexual orientation and identity

Gender identity and expression

Healthy relationships and consent

Environmental Literacy

Local support services

Alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other trending drugs or substances

Medicines

Help seeking behaviors

Self-harm

Addiction

Stigma

Grief and loss

Disordered eating

Body image

Social media

Suicide prevention

Depression awareness

Stress and anxiety

Trusted adults

Self and social awareness

Emotions, feelings, and relationships

Wellness

Students will comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention to enhance health, including:

Mental and Emotional Health

Analyze how mental and emotional health can affect health-related behaviors.

Analyze personal stressors at home, in school, and with friends.

Determine effective strategies for dealing with stress, anxiety, and anger.

Analyze impulsive behaviors and strategies for managing them.

Analyze the causes, symptoms, and effects of depression.

Summarize the signs and symptoms of people who are in danger of hurting themselves or others and demonstrate how to tell a trusted adult.

Defend the importance of telling an adult if there are people who are in danger of hurting themselves or others.

Analyze positive and negative effects of social media.

Summarize the importance of a positive body image and its implications on mental and physical wellness.

Summarize the negative impact of stigma on health-seeking behaviors.

Identify the effects of addiction on self and others.

Analyze the interrelationship of physical, mental, emotional, social, environmental, and spiritual health.

Identify sources of support for people who suffer from addiction.

Identify community services for addiction treatment.

Recognize the indicators of self-harm and identify triggers that may lead to self-harm.

Determine when to seek help for mental and emotional health challenges.

Analyze strategies for managing and reducing interpersonal conflicts.

Analyze characteristics of a mentally and emotionally healthy person.

Demonstrate respect for others who have different views and beliefs.

Identify how reflecting on personal interests, qualities, strengths, and beliefs can increase self-awareness, satisfaction, and empathy.

Identify strategies which lead to personal growth and persistence through challenges.

Identify trusted adults and resources specific to a variety of needs.

Summarize the benefits of seeking a trusted adult or professional guidance related to one’s dimensions of wellness.

Substance Abuse Prevention

Differentiate between proper use and abuse of over-the-counter and prescription medicines.

Analyze situations that could lead to the use of alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other trending drugs or substances.

Recognize the dangers of riding with a driver who has been using alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other trending drugs or substances.

Describe the dangers of using drugs or substances in combination.

Summarize the harmful short- and long-term physical, psychological, and social effects of using alcohol, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, opioids (including the lethal effects of fentanyl), and other trending drugs or substances.

Describe the effects of using alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, and other trending drugs or substances on school performance, job performance, job absenteeism, and job loss.

Identify community resources for substance use/abuse and how to help a person who is addicted.

Family Life and Human Sexuality

Compare and contrast characteristics of healthy and unhealthy relationships.

Summarize the relationship between the menstrual cycle and conception.

Identify sexual behaviors, including solo, vaginal, oral, and anal sex, that impact the risk of unintended pregnancy and potential transmission of STIs, including HIV.

Identify how systemic oppression and intersectionality impact the sexual health of communities of color and other marginalized groups.

Describe common symptoms, or lack thereof, of and treatments for STIs, including HIV.

Explain the steps to using barrier methods correctly (e.g., external and internal condoms and dental dams).

Compare and contrast types of contraceptive and disease-prevention methods.

Evaluate community services and resources related to sexual and reproductive health.

Identify the laws related to reproductive and sexual health care services (e.g., contraception, pregnancy options, safe surrender policies, prenatal care).

Explain the impact sexually explicit media can have on one's perceptions of, and expectations for, a healthy relationship.

Explain federal and state laws that prohibit the creation, sharing, and viewing of sexually explicit media that includes minors.

Summarize the importance of talking with parents and other trusted adults about issues related to relationships, growth and development, sexual decision-making, and sexual health.

Justify the benefits of respecting individual differences in aspects of sexuality, growth and development, and physical appearance.

Describe what constitutes sexual consent, its importance, and legal consequences of sexual behavior without consent.

Identify factors that can influence the ability to give and receive sexual consent.

Differentiate between sex assigned at birth, gender identity, and gender expression.

Define sexual identity and explain a range of identities related to sexual orientation.

Identify how school and community programs and policies can promote dignity and respect for people of all sexual orientations and gender identities and expressions.

Summarize human reproductive systems including medically accurate names for internal and external genitalia and their functions.

Safety and Violence Prevention

Explain accepted procedures for basic first aid and emergency care.

Define and identify affirmative consent, sexual coercion, boundary violations, and situations when an individual can and cannot give consent.

Summarize situations and behaviors that constitute sexual mistreatment, grooming, harassment, abuse, assault, exploitation, and trafficking.

Identify multiple ways to report bullying, sexual harassment, racism, and other violent behaviors.

Demonstrate ways in which a positive bystander could respond to a situation when they or someone else is being sexually mistreated, groomed, harassed, abused, assaulted and/or exploited.

Analyze group norms and shared understandings that impact the role of a bystander.

Explain why a person who has been sexually mistreated, groomed, harassed, abused, assaulted, or exploited is not at fault.

Practice hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the use of automated external defibrillators.

Describe strategies to use social media and technology safely and respectfully.

Describe examples of discrimination, implicit bias, intimidating behaviors, and harassment in media.

Differentiate between healthy and unhealthy use of technology including social media, messaging and phones as it relates to harassment and intimidating behaviors.

Assess ways to deter bullying, sexual harassment, and racism.

Analyze how physical, social, cultural, and emotional environments may contribute to violence.

Practice effective communication to request that bullying, sexual harassment, and racism stop.

Examine the influence of peer groups as they relate to harassing and intimidating behaviors.

Healthy Eating

Distinguish between foods and beverages that provide key nutrients versus those that contain few essential nutrients.

Describe the benefits of limiting the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.

Describe the relationship between personal eating behaviors and overall personal health.

Summarize how to make balanced food selections when dining out.

Analyze various eating patterns and their impact on personal health.

Examine the harmful effects of using certain weight-loss measures.

Demonstrate the ability to read and compare nutrition facts labels.

Investigate how food access impacts food choices and health outcomes.

Disease Prevention and Control

Analyze the factors that contribute to the major chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis, and skin cancer.

Summarize personal strategies for reducing diseases that affect the health of adolescents.

Explain the importance of STI and HIV testing and counseling if one is sexually active.

Summarize common symptoms (or lack thereof) of STIs, including HIV, as well as treatments for these infections.

Summarize how infectious diseases, including HIV, STIs, foodborne illnesses, and common illnesses, are transmitted and prevented.

Analyze the personal physical, emotional, mental, social, educational, and vocational performance benefits of rest and sleep.

Summarize the symptoms and prevention of skin cancer.

Examine the impact of human-induced environmental change on health and wellbeing.

Students will analyze the influence of family, peers, culture, media, technology, and other factors on health behaviors.

Analyze how family influences the health of individuals.

Analyze how the culture supports and challenges health beliefs, practices, and behaviors.

Analyze how peers influence healthy and unhealthy behaviors.

Evaluate how the school and community can impact personal health practices and behaviors.

Evaluate the effect of media on personal and family health.

Evaluate the impact of technology on personal, family and community health.

Analyze how the perceptions of norms influence healthy and unhealthy behaviors.

Analyze the influence of personal values and beliefs on individual health practices and behaviors.

Analyze how some health risk behaviors can influence the likelihood of engaging in unhealthy behaviors.

Analyze how public health policies and government regulations can influence health promotion and disease prevention.

Students will demonstrate the ability to access valid information, products, and services to enhance health.

Evaluate the validity of health information, products, and services.

Use resources from home, school, and community that provide valid health information.

Determine the accessibility of products and services that enhance health.

Determine when professional health services may be required.

Access valid and reliable health products and services.

Students will demonstrate the ability to use interpersonal communication skills to enhance health and avoid or reduce health risks.

Utilize skills for communicating effectively with family, peers, and others to enhance health.

Demonstrate refusal, negotiation, and collaboration skills to enhance health and avoid or reduce health risks.

Demonstrate strategies to prevent, manage, or resolve interpersonal conflicts without harming self or others.

Demonstrate how to ask for and offer assistance to enhance the health of self and others.

Students will demonstrate the ability to use decision-making skills to enhance health.

Examine barriers that can hinder healthy decision-making.

Determine the value of applying a thoughtful decision-making process in health-related situations.

Justify when individual or collaborative decision-making is appropriate.

Generate alternatives to health-related issues or problems.

Predict the potential short and long-term impact of each alternative on self and others.

Defend the healthy choice when making decisions.

Evaluate the effectiveness of health-related decisions.

Students will demonstrate the ability to use goal-setting skills to enhance health.

Assess personal health practices and overall health status.

Develop a plan to attain a personal health goal that addresses strengths, needs, and risks.

Implement strategies and monitor progress in achieving a personal health goal.

Formulate an effective long-term personal health plan.

Students will demonstrate the ability to practice health-enhancing behaviors and avoid or reduce health risks.

Analyze the role of individual responsibility in enhancing health.

Demonstrate a variety of healthy practices and behaviors that will maintain or improve the health of self and others.

Demonstrate a variety of behaviors that avoid or reduce health risks to self and others.

Students will demonstrate the ability to advocate for personal, family, and community health.

Utilize accurate peer and societal norms to formulate a health-enhancing message.

Demonstrate how to influence and support others to make positive health choices.

Work cooperatively as an advocate for improving personal, family, and community health.

Adapt health messages and communication techniques to a specific target audience.

Environmental literacy

Organ donation

Sun and fads

Sleep

Disease Prevention

Disease

Food Access

Environmental literacy

Nutrition facts labels

Food Choices

Sugar sweetened beverages

Nutritious foods and beverages

Bystander intervention and compassion for victims

Abuse and assault

Consent

Discrimination and violence

Technology safety

Trusted adults

Sexually explicit media

Sexual health

Anatomy and physiology

Sexual orientation and identity

Gender identity and expression

Healthy relationships and consent

Environmental Literacy

Local support services

Alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other trending drugs or substances

Medicine

Help seeking behaviors

Self-harm

Addiction

Stigma

Grief and loss

Disordered eating

Body image

Social media

Suicide prevention

Depression awareness

Stress and anxiety

Trusted adults

Self and social awareness

Emotions, feelings, and relationships

Wellness

Students will comprehend concepts related to health promotion and disease prevention to enhance health, including:

Mental and Emotional Health

Analyze how pro-social behaviors can benefit overall health.

Evaluate internal stressors at home, in school, and with friends.

Evaluate external stressors at home, in school, and with friends including poverty, violence, and racism.

Analyze the causes, symptoms, and effects of anxiety.

Evaluate effective strategies for dealing with stress, anxiety, and anger.

Evaluate impulsive behaviors and strategies for managing them.

Evaluate causes, symptoms, and effects of depression.

Summarize the signs and symptoms of people who are in danger of hurting themselves or others and demonstrate how to tell a trusted adult.

Analyze the impact of social media on the dimensions of wellness.

Explain the effects of eating disorders on health.

Differentiate between a positive and negative body image.

Evaluate the interrelationship of physical, mental, emotional, social, environmental, and spiritual health.

Evaluate the potential mental and physical consequences of disordered eating and why it is important to seek professional help.

Summarize stages of grief and loss and explore coping strategies for self and others.

Investigate the relationship between health-seeking behaviors and mistrust in communities.

Evaluate the effects of addiction on self, community, and others.

Evaluate sources of support for people who suffer from addiction.

Evaluate community services for addiction treatment.

Identify local and community resources and services to help someone who is self-harming.

Summarize local and community facilities and services for assistance with mental and emotional health challenges.

Evaluate a variety of strategies to improve personal wellness.

Apply strategies to improve personal wellness.

Evaluate the impact of racism, power and control, and social inequities on emotions and relationships.

Explore the impact of empathy on mental and emotional health.

Describe how reflecting on personal interests, qualities, strengths, and beliefs can increase self-awareness, satisfaction, and empathy.

Develop strategies to promote personal growth, increased self-awareness, and persistence through challenges.

Identify strategies for supporting another person in seeking professional guidance or help from a trusted adult.

Substance Abuse Prevention

Evaluate situations that could lead to the use of alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other trending drugs or substances.

Examine historical practices that increase the likelihood of substance use within communities.

Investigate the safe disposal and negative environmental impact of medicines, nicotine products, and other drugs.

Analyze the risks associated with and dangers of driving while under the influence of alcohol, opioids, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other trending drugs or substances.

Explain the risks associated with using alcohol, opioids, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, or other trending drugs or substance while driving a motor vehicle.

Analyze the dangers of using drugs or substances in combination.

Analyze the harmful short- and long-term physical, psychological, and social effects of using alcohol, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance enhancing substances, opioids (including the lethal effects of fentanyl), and other trending drugs or substances.

Describe the legal issues related to using drugs and substances including the disproportionate rates of incarceration of specific racial and ethnic groups.

Explain the effects of using alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other drugs and substances during pregnancy.

Analyze the relationship between using alcohol, opioids, nicotine products, marijuana products, performance-enhancing substances, and other drugs and substances with other health risks, such as unintentional injuries, violence, suicide, and sexual risk behaviors.

Compare and contrast community resources for substance use/abuse to meet the needs of individuals and families affected by addiction.

Family Life and Human Sexuality

Analyze how peers, media, family, society, culture, and a person’s intersecting identities can influence self-concept, body image, and self-esteem.

Summarize common symptoms, or lack thereof, of and treatments for STIs, including HIV.

Demonstrate the steps to using barrier methods correctly (e.g., external and internal condoms and dental dams).

Identify the efficacy of biomedical approaches to prevent STIs, including HIV (e.g., hepatitis B vaccine, HPV vaccine, and PrEP, PEP).

Summarize community services and resources related to sexual and reproductive health.

Explain the laws related to reproductive and sexual health care services (e.g., contraception, pregnancy options, safe surrender policies, prenatal care).

Evaluate the impact sexually explicit media can have on one's perceptions of, and expectations for, a healthy relationship.

Analyze the federal and state laws that impact young people’s sexual health rights, ability to give and receive sexual consent, and engagement with sexually explicit media.

Describe effective ways to communicate consent, personal boundaries, and preferences as they relate to sexual behavior.

Evaluate the potentially positive and negative roles of technology and social media in relationships.

Analyze factors that can influence the ability to give and receive sexual consent.

Examine the impact of gender expression and gender identity on members of marginalized communities and analyze the intersectionality of race, culture, and gender for members of those communities.

Differentiate between sexual orientation, sexual behavior, and sexual identity.

Analyze how school and community programs and policies can promote dignity and respect for people of all sexual orientations and gender identities and expressions.

Summarize human reproductive systems including medically accurate names for internal and external genitalia and their functions.

Analyze ways systemic oppression and intersectionality impact the sexual agency of communities of color and other marginalized groups.

Safety and Violence Prevention

Examine the ways in which emergency response varies based on sociocultural and socio-political factors such as race, income, ethnicity, gender, community type (rural, urban & suburban).

Advocate for the innocence of a person who has been sexually mistreated, groomed, harassed, abused, assaulted, or exploited.

Investigate the impact that group norms and the shared understandings related to bystander intervention have on health outcomes.

Analyze the impact of media influences on discrimination, implicit bias, racism, intimidating behaviors, and violence.

Analyze the consequences of prejudice, discrimination, racism, sexism, and hate crimes.

Analyze how involvement in gangs and hate crimes contribute to violence.

Advocate for safe environments that encourage dignified, respectful, and appropriate behavior.

Identify the influence of power and cultural differences on interpersonal relationships.

Analyze laws, policies, and consequences related to sexual mistreatment, grooming, harassment, abuse, assault, exploitation, child sexual abuse images (child pornography), and human sex trafficking that are designed to protect young people.

Examine multiple ways to report sexual mistreatment, grooming, harassment, abuse, assault, exploitation, and human sex trafficking.

Investigate community resources for victims of sexual violence.

Healthy Eating

Utilize the U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans to plan a balanced eating routine.

Summarize the importance of balanced eating and physical activity in optimizing personal health.

Describe the impact of food production and preparation methods on food nutrient value.

Explain how to incorporate eating a variety of nutrient-dense foods to meet daily nutrient requirements.

Evaluate similar food choices using nutrition facts labels.

Analyze how food choices impact the environment.

Evaluate the role of community food access and determine community-level support or action.

Explain the impact of food access and targeted marketing on different communities including the psychological, personal, and economic effects.

Disease Prevention and Control

Evaluate factors that contribute to major chronic diseases including, race, economic status, and access to services.

Evaluate important health screenings and assessments, immunizations, checkups, and examinations to maintain good health.

Explain why it is important to know the STI/HIV status of oneself and of a potential sexual partner.

Evaluate the roles of the individual and society in disease prevention.

Examine society’s historical impact on investigating the prevalence and treatment of disease in communities based on race, sexual orientation, and culture.

Examine the potential causes for sleep disparities.

Summarize the potential health and social consequences of popular fads or trends such as tanning beds, body piercing, and tattooing.

Analyze choices related to organ donation.

Analyze the disproportionate health impact of human-induced environmental change in communities.

Students will analyze the influence of family, peers, culture, media, technology, and other factors on health behaviors.

Analyze how family influences the health of individuals.

Analyze how the culture supports and challenges health beliefs, practices, and behaviors.

Analyze how peers influence healthy and unhealthy behaviors.

Evaluate how the school and community can impact personal health practices and behaviors.

Evaluate the effect of media on personal and family health.

Evaluate the impact of technology on personal, family and community health.

Analyze how the perceptions of norms influence healthy and unhealthy behaviors.

Analyze the influence of personal values and beliefs on individual health practices and behaviors.

Analyze how some health risk behaviors can influence the likelihood of engaging in unhealthy behaviors.

Analyze how public health policies and government regulations can influence health promotion and disease prevention.

Students will demonstrate the ability to access valid information, products, and services to enhance health.

Evaluate the validity of health information, products, and services.

Use resources from home, school, and community that provide valid health information.

Determine the accessibility of products and services that enhance health.

Determine when professional health services may be required.

Access valid and reliable health products and services.

Students will demonstrate the ability to use interpersonal communication skills to enhance health and avoid or reduce health risks.

Utilize skills for communicating effectively with family, peers, and others to enhance health.

Demonstrate refusal, negotiation, and collaboration skills to enhance health and avoid or reduce health risks.

Demonstrate strategies to prevent, manage, or resolve interpersonal conflicts without harming self or others.

Demonstrate how to ask for and offer assistance to enhance the health of self and others.

Students will demonstrate the ability to use decision-making skills to enhance health.

Examine barriers that can hinder healthy decision-making.

Determine the value of applying a thoughtful decision-making process in health-related situations.

Justify when individual or collaborative decision-making is appropriate.

Generate alternatives to health-related issues or problems.

Predict the potential short and long-term impact of each alternative on self and others.

Defend the healthy choice when making decisions.

Evaluate the effectiveness of health-related decisions.

Students will demonstrate the ability to use goal-setting skills to enhance health.

Assess personal health practices and overall health status.

Develop a plan to attain a personal health goal that addresses strengths, needs, and risks.

Implement strategies and monitor progress in achieving a personal health goal.

Formulate an effective long-term personal health plan.

Students will demonstrate the ability to practice health-enhancing behaviors and avoid or reduce health risks.

Analyze the role of individual responsibility in enhancing health.

Demonstrate a variety of healthy practices and behaviors that will maintain or improve the health of self and others.

Demonstrate a variety of behaviors that avoid or reduce health risks to self and others.

Students will demonstrate the ability to advocate for personal, family, and community health.

Utilize accurate peer and societal norms to formulate a health-enhancing message.

Demonstrate how to influence and support others to make positive health choices.

Work cooperatively as an advocate for improving personal, family, and community health.

Adapt health messages and communication techniques to a specific target audience.